GovCon FAQs: How do I Show Service-Disabled Veteran Status for SBA?

Many federal contractors are familiar with or have heard of the Service-Disabled Veteran Owned Small Business (SDVOSB) program. It is currently run by the SBA, but previously was administered by the VA. Due to the nature of the program being around for a while, and shifting from one agency to another in the past few years, undoubtedly there are some requirements that have changed, but contractors may not realize it. One of the requirements that has experienced change is one of the most basic: how you establish that you are a Service-Disabled Veteran. In this installment of our GovCon FAQs series, we tackle, how do you show or prove your Service-Disabled Veteran Status, now that the SDVOSB program is under the SBA?

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Fully Devoted or Just Rebuttable? Qualifying Veterans Overcome Full-Time Devotion Rule

It doesn’t take too long to find a blog post where we’ve discussed SBA’s Service-Disabled Veteran-Owned Small Business (SDVOSB) full-time devotion requirement. For a service-disabled veteran (SDV) to meet the SDVOSB control requirements, the SDV must control “the management and daily business operations” of the SDVOSB. This requires the SDV to be fully devoted to the SDVOSB. As a quick refresher on the full-time devotion requirement, a qualifying veteran “may not engage in outside employment that prevents [them] from devoting the time and attention to the concern necessary to control its management and daily business operations.” Further, the veteran must be able to “devote full-time during the business’s normal hours of operation” or SBA will assume lack of control. 13 C.F.R. 128.203(i). The same rule applies for the WOSB and 8(a) programs. In past decisions, SBA was OK with a veteran juggling multiple jobs as long as the hours didn’t overlap. But a recent decision shows that it may be possible to overcome this assumption.

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SBA OHA: Operating Agreements Must Clearly Demonstrate Control

A recent appeal before the U.S. Small Business Administration’s Office of Hearings and Appeals (OHA) upheld SBA’s denial of an application for a veteran-owned small business because its operating agreement gave too much control to a non-veteran owner and failed to identify a veteran as the highest officer. The decision in Facekay LLC demonstrates the importance of strict adherence to the control requirements laid out by the various SBA programs.

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OHA Reminder: Don’t ignore Program Examination Questions from SBA . . . or Else

Most of SBA’s socioeconomic programs (woman-owned small business, veteran-owned small business, HUBZone) have a requirement for the contractor to go through a recertification process, or program examination, every three years. 8(a) Participants have an annual review process, so they are reviewed even more frequently. But between these routine program recertifications, there is a possibility that the SBA will choose to perform an additional program examination to “verify the accuracy” of certification. And, as one SDVOSB firm found out, failing to cooperate with these interim program examinations can lead to decertification—a fate that no small business wants to risk.

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SBA: Ostensible Subcontractor Affiliation Arises from Improper Limitations on Subcontracting in Proposal

The SBA ostensible subcontractor affiliation rule has long confused contractors and their attorneys alike because its standards were not very clear. It was based on whether, in a small business contract, a subcontractor performs the “primary and vital requirements of a contract” or the prime contractor was “unusually reliant” on the subcontractor. SBA’s Office of Hearings and Appeals filled in the gaps on these terms. But in 2023, SBA updated its definition for these rules, declaring that if a small business prime contractor (other than under a general construction contract) met the limitations on subcontracting, it basically was not violating the ostensible subcontractor rule. A recent case looked at a circumstance where a small business prime contractor was not meeting the limitations on subcontracting.

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SBA Certify Portal Applications to be Paused

If you have ever looked into socio-economic certifications through the SBA or “set-asides” as some call them, you undoubtedly have run into SBA’s certify portal. It certainly is a big part of the small business federal contracting landscape, with likely massive numbers of site visitors a day. However, it will soon be updated, causing a pause on new applications very soon.

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Update: SBA Will Eliminate Remaining SDVOSB Self-Certification December 2024

As SmallGovCon readers may recall, SBA has already eliminated the ability to self-certify as a Service-Disabled Veteran-Owned Small Business (SDVOSB) for all prime contracting opportunities set aside for SDVOSBs. This change occurred January 1, 2024 and meant that self-certified SDVOSBs will no longer be eligible for set-aside and sole source contracts. We wrote about the change here. However, the rule change left in place the self-certification ability for self-certified SDVOSBS, but only for subcontracting purposes and government goaling purposes. This will be changing in December 2024.

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